Effects of arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM), Glomus intraradices and plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), Pseudomonas flurescens were evaluated in tomato seedlings, and on plant growth, yield and fruit quality of tomato under greenhouse, in common work´s conditions for producers in San Juan.
Two experiments were established in different greenhouses, with four treatments (control, plants inoculated with G. intraradices, inoculated with P. fluorescens and co-inoculated) and three replications. The substrate was inoculated with AM through a commercial granulated (spores of G. intraradices), and with PGPR with a suspension 1x109 UFC cm-3 of Pseudomonas fluorescens. At nursery stage leaf area, dry weight of roots and aerial part of the seedlings were analysed, verifying that those that were inoculated together with G. intraradices and P. fluorescens had a greater radical and aerial development.
Under cover culture began with the transplanting of inoculated seedlings and the evaluated variables were: leaf area, plant dry weight, root density, concentration of NPK at foliar tissue, bunches-plant-1, fruits-plant-1, fruits weight-plant-1, fruit equatorial diameter and TSS of fruit. The results did not confirm the existence of significant differences for any of the variables analysed.
Mycorrhizal colonization varied between 32 and 41% and was observed in all treatments including control, revealing the presence of native AM. The colony count of Pseudomonas spp. in rhizosphere was similar among all treatments (10e6-10e7 cfu/g), even in the non-inoculated control treatment.Comparative molecular analysis of the colonies showed that none had a genetic pattern similar to the inoculated strain, demonstrating the existence of indigenous strains.
Se evaluaron efectos de Micorrizas Arbusculares (MA), Glomus intraradices y Rizobacteria Promotora del Crecimiento Vegetal (RPCV), Pseudomonas flurescens en plántulas de tomate, y en crecimiento, rendimiento y calidad de frutos del cultivo de tomate en invernadero, en condiciones de trabajo comunes de los productores de San Juan.
Se trabajó en dos invernaderos independientes, con cuatro tratamientos (control, plantas inoculadas con G. intraradices, inoculadas con P. fluorescens y coinoculadas) y tres repeticiones. Se inoculó el sustrato con MA mediante granulado comercial (esporas de G. intraradices), y con RPCV mediante una suspensión 1x109 UFC cm-3 de Pseudomonas fluorescens. En vivero se analizó área foliar, peso seco de raíces y de parte aérea de plántulas, las coinoculadas con G. intraradices y P. fluorescens tuvieron un mayor desarrollo radical y aéreo.
El cultivo en invernadero se inició por trasplante de plántulas ya inoculadas, se evaluó: área foliar, peso seco parte aérea, densidad de raíces, concentración de NPK en tejido foliar, racimos por planta, frutos por planta, peso de frutos-planta-1, diámetro ecuatorial y SST en frutos. No se obtuvieron diferencias significativas para ninguna de las variables analizadas.
Se constató colonización micorrícica entre 32 y 41 %, en todos los tratamientos incluso el control, revelando la presencia de MA nativas. El recuento de colonias de Pseudomonas spp. en rizósfera fue similar entre todos los tratamientos (10e6-10e7 UFC/g), incluso el control. Análisis molecular comparativo de las colonias obtenidas mostró que ninguna poseía patrón genético similar al de la cepa del inóculo utilizado, manifestando existencia de cepas indígenas.