Dada la problemática estacional de escasez de agua dulce, este trabajo aborda una solución mediante la aplicación de herramientas de Gestión Integrada de Recursos Hídricos (GIRH) para el consumo ganadero asociativo en la localidad de San Bernardo, provincia de Santa Fe aplicado a un sistema de cosecha de agua actualmente en funcionamiento.
Esta tesis, busca dar respuesta a cuatro objetivos, uno principal que es elaborar un plan de gestión integrado para la cosecha de agua de lluvia en un sistema asociativo, y tres específicos, que son contar con un diagnóstico de la oferta y la demanda de dicha zona; analizar el diseño estructural existente en el emprendimiento; y proponer pautas para la implementación de dicho plan, en el sistema analizado.
Aplicando metodología específica de la GIRH, se logra proponer un Plan Integral de Gestión de cosecha de agua de lluvia en el sistema que se encuentra funcionando.
Como resultado, se encontró que el sistema implementado presenta un alto grado de eficiencia, no obstante esto, la falta de mantenimiento general de la obra hace reducir la misma a niveles poco apropiados para hacer frente a la demanda en épocas de sequias. Además, de las entrevistas realizadas a los actores involucrados, se desprende que la idiosincrasia del productor que lleva a cabo la actividad ganadera en la zona, presenta resistencia al desarrollo de sistemas asociativos para abastecimientos de agua. Para finalizar el proceso de la tesis, se procedió a realizar el plan de gestión.
Given the seasonal issue of fresh water shortage, the present work addresses a solution by means of the application of Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) tools for associative livestock consumption linked to a water harvesting system currently operating in the town of San Bernardo, province of Santa Fe.
This thesis aims to answer four objectives. First, and most important: to develop an integrated management plan for rainwater harvesting in an associative system. Additionally, and specifically: to assess supply and demand in said area; to analyze the existing structural design of the enterprise; and to suggest guidelines for the implementation of such plan in the system analyzed.
The methodology applied consisted of the background analysis of the water harvesting systems as well as of the regulations on this kind of activities. Then, the water supply and demand for the enterprise was studied. Next, the stakeholders involved were analyzed using a set of tools called “Arco Iris”. Finally, a rainwater harvesting Integral Management Plan was proposed for the system in operation.
Results showed that the system implemented was highly efficient. However, the lack of overall maintenance of the works reduces efficiency to levels which are not completely suitable to satisfy demand during droughts. Furthermore, the interviews to the stakeholders involved evidenced that the idiosyncrasy of cattle breeders who perform their activities in the area offers resistance to the development of associative systems for water supply. To complete the process of this thesis, the management plan was carried out.