Simulating seats. The Importance of data for ergonomic design

Abstract

This article provides a comprehensive view of the importance and evolution of ergonomics in the design of seats and support surfaces for everyday environments. In the 60s, and recognizing this relevance, the Department of Inner Architecture and Furniture at Universidad de la República Oriental del Uruguay (UDELAR) developed anthropometric measurement machines as a means for designing seats that adjust to human needs. This article seeks to both demonstrate the validity of these tools and propose their reintroduction, positioning them in the contemporary context of ergonomics and seating design. The historical development of ergonomics is explored from its earliest roots to its current conceptualization, highlighting its transformation into an interdisciplinary field that encompasses physical, cognitive, and organizational aspects. Various design methodologies are discussed, emphasizing the integration of ergonomics as a fundamental part of the overall design process. In addition, a specific methodology is presented to consider ergonomics at all stages of the design process, underlying the importance of human, environmental, object, and functional factors. To sum up, this work provides a comprehensive perspective on the interaction between ergonomics and seating design with the aim of improving users’ well-being quality in their daily lives.