Neonatal isoerythrolysis in thoroughbred filly: therapeutic clinical approach from practice
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14409/favecv.2024.23.e0036Keywords:
isoerythrolysis, equine, isoimmunization, isoantibodies, colostrumAbstract
Neonatal isoerythrolysis is an immunological disease that affects the foal due to a phenomenon in which the mare produces alloantibodies against the erythrocytes of the fetus during pregnancy. Alloimmunization of the mother can occur at the end of gestation or at delivery due to microhemorrhages in the placenta, blood transfusions, use of erythrocyte compound vaccines, surgery, or vaginal or placental manipulation. In the mare's first pregnancy, the foal usually will not develop the disease since immunization of the mother occurs at the end of pregnancy or during delivery. So, there is not enough time for a high antibody titer no time to reach the colostrum. When the foal absorbs antibodies erythrocyte lysis occurs, generating hemolytic anemia with renal and hepatic failure. Definitive diagnosis requires laboratory tests. Treatment may require anything from nutritional support to transfusions. This report describes a case of neonatal isoerythrolysis in 36 hours of life. Thoroughbred Racing filly with weakness, tachycardia, tachypnea, jaundice, and dehydration. A complete hemogram and subsequent blood transfusion were performed with daily clinical and hematological controls until favorable resolution of the case.
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