Cambios de poder y organizaciones regionales en el espacio postsoviético y América Latina
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14409/redoeda.v7i1.9436Palabras clave:
cambios de poder, poderes regionales, espacio postsoviético, América Latina, gobernanzaResumen
El artículo explora cómo los cambios de poder en la política mundial y la aparición de poderes regionales afectan la gobernanza de la seguridad regional. Se identifican el espacio postsoviético y América Latina como dos regiones donde las potencias hegemónicas y de la Guerra Fría (Estados Unidos y Rusia) recientemente han sido desafiadas por potencias ya afirmadas o en ascenso (Brasil y China, respectivamente). En ambas regiones, existe una organización regional más antigua conformada por la dinámica de la Guerra Fría junto con una organización más nueva formada por el creciente poder. Pero, ¿patrones similares de cambios de poder conducen a tipos y trayectorias análogos de gobernanza de seguridad? Se analizan cuatro organizaciones de seguridad de las dos regiones: la Organización para la Seguridad y la Cooperación en Europa (OSCE) y la Organización de Cooperación de Shanghai (OCS) desde el espacio postsoviético; y la Organización de Estados Americanos (OEA) y la Unión de Naciones Suramericanas (UNASUR) de América Latina. Se muestra cómo los cambios de poder se reflejan en (1) los factores que impulsan la base y la transformación de la organización, (2) las concepciones y prácticas de seguridad de las organizaciones, y (3) la superposición organizacional.
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STUENKEL, Oliver. India-Brazil-South Africa Dialogue Forum (IBSA). The Rise of the Global South? London; New York: Routledge, 2015.
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TUSSIE, Diana. Latin America: Contrasting Motivations for Regional Projects. Review of International Studies, n. 35, v. 1, 2009.
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VAN Langenhove, Luk. 2011. Building Regions. The Regionalization of the World Order. Aldershot: Ashgate, 2011.
WALLANDER, Celeste A.; KEOHANE, Robert O. Risk, Threat, and Security Institutions. In HAFTENDORN, Helga; WALLANDER, Celeste A.; KEOHANE, Robert O. Imperfect Unions. Security Institutions over Time and Space, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1999.
WEIFFEN, Brigitte, WEHNER, Leslie; NOLTE, Detlef. Overlapping Regional Security Institutions in South America: The Case of OAS and UNASUR, International Area Studies Review 16 (4), 2013.
ZELLNER, Wolfgang. Die EU und die OSZE. In WERNER Weidenfeld; WESSELS, Wolfgang. Jahrbuch der Europäischen Integration, Baden-Baden: Nomos, 2013.
ZHONGWEI, Lu. The Evolution of the Geo-Strategic Structure in Eurasia. Beijing: Current Affairs Press, 2002.
ACHARYA, Amitav. The End of American World Order. Cambridge: Polity Press, 2014.
ACHARYA, Amitav; ALASTAIR Iain Johnston, Crafting Cooperation. Regional International Institutions in Comparative Perspective. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2007.
ALTER, Karen J; SOPHIE Meunier. The Politics of International Regime Complexity, Perspectives on Politics, v. 7, n.1, 2009.
AGGARWAL, Vinod K.Institutional Designs for a Complex World: Bargaining, Linkages, and Nesting. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1998.
ACHARYA, Amitav. The Emerging Regional Architecture of World Politics. World Politics, v. 59, n. 4, 2007.
BRESLIN, Shaun; STUART Croft. Comparative Regional Security Governance. London: Regional, 2014.
BIERMANN, Rafael; JOACHIM A. Koops. Palgrave Handbook of Inter-Organizational Relations in World Politics. London: Palgrave Macmillan, 2017.
BUSCH, Marc L. Overlapping Institutions, Forum Shopping, and Dispute Settlement in International Trade, International Organization, v. 61, n. 4, 2007.
BUZAN, Barry; OLE Waever. Regions and Powers: The Structure of International Security. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003.
BRIGITTE Weiffen, Power Dynamics and Regional Security in Latin America, Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2017.
CONTESSI, Nicola P. China, Russia, and the Leadership of the SCO: A Tacit Deal Scenario. China and Eurasia Forum Quarterly, n.8, v. 4, 2010.
DACE, Winther; Regional Maintenance of Peace and Security Under. International Law. The Distorted Mirrors. London, New York: Routledge, 2014.
DE LOMBAERDE, Philippe; SÖDERBAUM, Fredrik, LUK VAN Langen- hove, BAERT, Francis. The Problem of Comparison in Comparative Regionalism. Review of International Studies, v. 36, n.3, 2010.
DOUHAN, Alena F. Evolution, Status, and Main Fields of Activity of SCO. InROZANOV, Anatoliy. The Shanghai Cooperation Organisation and Central Asia’s Security Challenges, 2013.
GAWRICH, Andrea. Emerging from the Shadows - The Crisis in Ukraine and the OSCE’s Contribution to the European Security Architecture. Die Friedens-Warte. Journal of International Peace and Organization,n. 89, 2014.
GHEBALI, Victor-Yves. The Contribution of the Istanbul Document 1999 to European Security and Co-operation. In Institute for Peace Research and Security Policy, OSCE Yearbook 2000, Baden-Baden, Germany: Nomos. 2001.
GÓMEZ Mera, Laura. International Regime Complexity and Regional Governance: Evidence from the Americas. Global Governance, v. 21, 1, p. 19–42, 2015.
HERZ, Mônica. The Organization of American States (OAS). London-New York: Routledge, 2004.
HURRELL, Andrew. Explaining the Resurgence of Regionalism in World Politics. Review of International Studies, v. 21, n. 4, 1995.
IBRYAMOVA, Nuray. The OSCE as a Regional Security Actor. A Security Governance Perspective. In KIRCHNER Emil J.; DOMÍNGUEZ, Roberto, The Security Gov- ernance of Regional Organizations, London; New York: Routledge, 2011.
JAWAD, Pamela. OSZE, In Katja FREISTEIN y Julia Leininger. Handbuch Internationale Organisationen. Theoretische Grundlagen und Akteure. München, Germany: Oldenbourg. 2012.
KACOWICZ, Arie M.; GALIA Press-Barnathan. Regional Security Governance. In BÖRZEL Tanja; RISSE Thomas, The Oxford Handbook of Comparative Regionalism, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016.
KATZENSTEIN, Peter J. A World of Regions: Asia and Europe in the American Imperium. Ithaca, Nee York : Cornell University Press, 2005.
KEOHANE, Robert O. After Hegemony: Co-operation and Discord in the World Political Economy. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1984.
KIRCHNER, Emil; DOMÍNGUEZ, Roberto. The Security Governance of Regional Organizations. London: Routledge, 2011.
KIRCHNER, Emil J.; DOMÍNGUEZ, Roberto. Regional Organizations and Security Governance. In KIRCHNER Emil J; DOMÍNGUEZ, Roberto. The Security Governance of Regional Organizations. London; New York: Routledge, 2011.
KÖLLNER, Patrick; RUDRA Sil, AHRAM, Ariel. Comparative Area Studies. What It Is, What It Can Do, In KÖLLNER, Patrick; RUDRA Sil, AHRAM, Ariel. Comparative Area Studies. Methodological Rationales and Cross- Regional Applications, New York: Oxford University Press, 2018.
LAGOS, Enrique; TIMOTHY D. Rudy. In Defense of Democracy. University of Miami Inter-American Law Review, n. 35, v. 2, p. 283–309, 2004.
LAKE, David A; PATRICK M. Morgan. Regional Orders. Building Security in a New World. University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press, 1997.
LAMBERT, Alexandre, Implementation of Democratic Control of Armed Forces in the OSCE Region: Lessons from the OSCE Code of Conduct on Politico-Military Aspects of Security. Occasional Papers, 11. Geneva: Geneva Centre for the Democratic Control of Armed Forces (DCAF), 2006.
LANTEIGNE, Marc. Russia. China, and the Shanghai Cooperation Organization: Diverging Security Interests and the ‘Crimea Effect’. InBLAKKISRUD, Helge; WILSON Rowe, Elana, Russia’s Turn to the East. Domestic Policymaking and Regional Cooperation, London: Palgrave Macmillan, 2013.
MANSFIELD, Edward D; HELEN V. Milner. The New Wave of Regionalism. International Organization, v. 53, n.3, 1999.
MATTLI, Walter. The Logic of Regional Integration: Europe and Beyond. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1999.
NOLTE, Detlef. Costs and Benefits of Overlapping Regional Organizations in Latin America: The Case of the OAS and UNASUR. Latin American Politics and Society, v. 60, n. 1, 2018.
PANKE, Diana; SÖREN Stapel. Exploring Overlapping Regionalism, Journal of International Relations and Development, v. 21, n. 3, 2018.
PHILIP, Nel. Redistribution and Recognition: What Emerging Regional Powers Want. Review of International Studies, v. 36, n.4, 2010.
RAUSTIALA, Kal; DAVID G. Victor. The Regime Complex for Plant Genetic Resources, International Organization, v. 58, n.2, 2004.
RUSSO, Alessandra; GAWRICH, Andrea. Overlap with Contestation? Comparing Norms and Policies of Regional Organizations in the Post-Soviet Space. Central Asian Survey, v. 36, n. 3, 2017.
ROZANOV, Anatoliy A., The Shanghai Cooperation Organisation and Central Asia’s Security Challenges. Geneva: Geneva Centre for the Democratic Control of Armed Forces (DCAF), 2013.
SAIVETZ, Carol. The Ties that Bind? Russia’s Evolving Relations with Its Neighbors. Communist and Post-Communist Studies, v, 45, p. 401–12. 2012
SCHWELLER, Randall. Emerging Powers in an Age of Disorder. Global Governance, v. 17 n.3, 2011.
SHAW, Carolyn M. Cooperation, Conflict, and Consensus in the Organization of American States. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2004.
SÖDERBAUM, Fredrik. Old, New, and Comparative Regionalism: The History and Scholarly Development of the Field. In BÖRZEL, Tanja A.; RISSE Thomas, The Oxford Handbook of Comparative Regionalism, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016.
SOEST, Christian von; STROH Alexander. Comparisons Across World Regions. Managing Conceptual, Methodological, and Practical Challenges. In KÖLLNER, Patrick; RUDRA Sil, AHRAM, Ariel, Comparative Area Studies. Methodological Rationales and Cross-Regional Applications, New York: Oxford University Press, 2018.
STEPHEN, Aris; WENGER, Andreas. Organisations and Security: Conceptions and Practices. Abingdon: Routledge, 2014.
STUENKEL, Oliver. The BRICS and the Future of Global Order. Lanham: Lexington Books, 2015.
STUENKEL, Oliver. India-Brazil-South Africa Dialogue Forum (IBSA). The Rise of the Global South? London; New York: Routledge, 2015.
STEPHEN, Kingah; QUILICONI, Cintia. Global and Regional Leadership of BRICS Countries. New York: Springer. 2016.
TAVARES, Rodrigo. Regional Security. The Capacity of International Organizations. London; New York: Routledge, 2010.
TUDYKA, Kurt P. Die OSZE - Besorgt um Europas Sicherheit. Kooperation statt Konfrontation. Hamburg, Germany: Merus Verlag, 2007.
TUSSIE, Diana. Latin America: Contrasting Motivations for Regional Projects. Review of International Studies, n. 35, v. 1, 2009.
UHRIG, Reinhard; HILLER, Ben; OSCE Action Against Terrorism. Consolidation, Continuity, and Future Focus.” In Institute for Peace Research and Security Policy (IFSH), OSCE-Yearbook 2013, Baden-Baden: Nomos, 2014.
VAN Langenhove, Luk. 2011. Building Regions. The Regionalization of the World Order. Aldershot: Ashgate, 2011.
WALLANDER, Celeste A.; KEOHANE, Robert O. Risk, Threat, and Security Institutions. In HAFTENDORN, Helga; WALLANDER, Celeste A.; KEOHANE, Robert O. Imperfect Unions. Security Institutions over Time and Space, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1999.
WEIFFEN, Brigitte, WEHNER, Leslie; NOLTE, Detlef. Overlapping Regional Security Institutions in South America: The Case of OAS and UNASUR, International Area Studies Review 16 (4), 2013.
ZELLNER, Wolfgang. Die EU und die OSZE. In WERNER Weidenfeld; WESSELS, Wolfgang. Jahrbuch der Europäischen Integration, Baden-Baden: Nomos, 2013.
ZHONGWEI, Lu. The Evolution of the Geo-Strategic Structure in Eurasia. Beijing: Current Affairs Press, 2002.
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Publicado
2020-12-30
Cómo citar
Gallegos Pazmiño, C. F. (2020). Cambios de poder y organizaciones regionales en el espacio postsoviético y América Latina. Revista Eurolatinoamericana De Derecho Administrativo, 7(2), 299–332. https://doi.org/10.14409/redoeda.v7i1.9436
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