Avances teóricos y problemas en la sociología del castigo
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14409/dys.v2i48.8542Palabras clave:
Historia, sociología, castigo, teoría, encarcelamiento masivo, guerra contra las drogasResumen
Los últimos veinte años han visto un notable incremento en la cantidad y extensión de los estudios sobre «el castigo y la sociedad». Junto con esta expansión cuantitativa, también se han presentado importantes desarrollos cualitativos en materia de investigación, análisis e interpretación, muchos de los cuales pueden considerarse avances científicos. Este artículo especifica una serie de dimensiones en que se han mejorado la teoría, el método y los datos en el campo, y a su vez identifica algunos problemas y desafíos continuos. Se utilizan ejemplos de la literatura sobre el surgimiento del “encarcelamiento masivo” y la naturaleza de la “guerra contra las drogas” para dar cuenta del abanico de recursos teóricos que han desarrollado los académicos en este campo, y para relevar algunas preguntas empíricas y teóricas que quedan por resolver.
Citas
Aas, K.y Bosworth, M. (Eds.), (2013). The Borders of Punishment: Migration, Citizenship, and Social Exclusion. Reino Unido: OUP, Oxford.
Abbott, A. (2011). Review of Wacquant, ‘Punishing the Poor’. American Journal of Sociology, V.116, N° 4, 1356–1360.
Abend, G. (2006). Styles of sociological thought: Sociologies, epistemologies, and theMexican and US Quests for Truth. Sociological Theory, V. 24, N° 1, 1–41.
Alexander, M. (2010). The New Jim Crow: Mass Incarceration in the Age ofColorblindness. Nueva York: The New Press.
Anderson, C. (2016). All the world’s a prison. History Today, V.66, N° 3, s/p.
Barker, V. (2010). The Politics of Imprisonment: How the Democratic Process Affects theWay America Punishes Offenders. Nueva York: OUP.
Bearman, P. y Hedstrom, P. (Eds.) (2009). The Oxford Handbook of Analytical Sociology. Nueva York: OUP.
Beckett, K. y Western, B. (2001). Governing social marginality. Punishment & Society, V.3, 43–59.
Beckett, K., Nyrop, K., Pfingst, L., et al. (2005). Drug use, drug possession arrests, and thequestion of race: Lessons from Seattle. Social Problems, V.52, N° 3, 419–441.
Best, J. (2015). Social problems. Oxford Bibliographies. Recuperado de: http://www.oxfordbibliographies.com/view/document/obo-9780199756384/obo-9780199756384-0052.xml (visitado el 5 de octubre de 2017).
Campbell, M. (2011). Politics, prisons, and law enforcement: An examination of ‘Lawand Order’ politics in Texas. Law & Society Review. V.45, N° 3, 631–666.
Campbell, M. y Schoenfeld, H. (2013). The transformation of America’s penal order: Ahistoricized political sociology of punishment. American Journal of Sociology. V.118, N° 5, 1375–1423.
Cavadino, M.y Dignan, J. (2005). Penal Systems: A Comparative Approach. Londres: SAGE.
Cohen, S.(1985). Visions of Social Control. Londres: Polity.
Coyle, A. y Van Zyl Smit, D. (Eds.). (2000). The International Regulation of Punishment.Special Issue. Punishment & Society, V.2, N° 3.
Daems, T, Van Zyl Smit, D.,y Snacken, S. (2013). European Penology? Oxford: Hart Publishing.
Di Giorgi,A. (2006). Rethinking the Political Economy of Punishment. Aldershot: Ashgate.
Downes, D. y Hansen, K. (2006). ‘Welfare and punishment’: The relationship between welfare spending and imprisonment. En McAra, L. y Armstrong, S. (Eds.) Perspectives on Punishment ( - ). Oxford: OUP.
Durkheim. E. (1973). Two laws of penal evolution. Traducción de T. AnthonyJones, Economy and Society, 1900/1973, V. 2, N° 3, 285–308.
Feeley, M. (1979). The Process is the Punishment: Handling Cases in a Lower Court. Nueva York: Russell Sage Foundation.
Feeley, M. y Simon, J. (1992). The new penology: Notes on the emerging strategy andits implications. Criminology, V.30, N° 4, 449–474.
Fine, B. et al. (Eds.) (1979). Capitalism and the Rule of Law. Londres: Hutchinson.
Forman, J. (2012). Racial critiques of mass incarceration. NYU Law Review, V. 87, N° 21, 101–148.
Forman, J. (2017). Locking up Our Own: Crime and Punishment in Black America. NuevaYork: Farrar, Straus and Giroux.
Fortner, M. (2015). Black Silent Majority: The Rockefeller Drug Laws and the Politics of Punishment. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Foucault, M. (1997). Discipline and Punish: The Birth of the Prison. Nueva York: Random House.
Frase, R. (2005). Sentencing Guidelines in Minnesota, 1978-2003. Crime and Justice, V.32, 131–219.
Garland, D. (1985). Punishment and Welfare: A History of Penal Strategies. Aldershot: Ashgate.
Garland, D. (1990). Punishment and Modern Society: A Study in Social Theory. Oxford: OUP.
Garland, D. (2001). The Culture of Control: Crime and Social Order in ContemporarySociety. Oxford: OUP.
Garland, D. (2006). Concepts of culture in the sociology of punishment. Theoretical Criminology, V. 10, N° 4, 419–447.
Garland, D. (2009). ‘A culturalist theory of punishment?’ Review of Philip Smith’s Punishment and Culture. Punishment & Society, V.11, N° 2, 259–268.
Garland, D. (2010). Peculiar Institution: America’s Death Penalty in an Age of Abolition. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Garland, D. (2013). Penality and the Penal State. Criminology, V.51, N° 3, 475–517.
Garland, D. (2014). What is a history of the present? On Foucault’s genealogies and theircritical preconditions. Punishment & Society, V.16, N° 4, 365–384.
Garland, D. (2016). Critical histories or Whig histories in reverse? Some Questions aboutthe ‘History of the Present’. Keynote lecture. Conference of British Historians. Edinburgh. Trabajo no publicado.
Garland, D. (2017). Penal power in America: Forms, functions and foundations. Journalof the British Academy, V. 5, 1-35.
Garland, D. (2017). Punishment and welfare: Social problems and social structures. En McAra L., et al. (Eds.) TheOxford Handbook of Criminology. Oxford: OUP.
Garland, D. y Young, P. (1983). The Power to Punish: Toward a Social Analysis ofPenality. Londres: Heinemann.
Geltner, G. (2015). Flogging Others: Corporal Punishment and Cultural Identity fromAntiquity to the Present. Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press.
Gibson, M. (2011). Global perspectives on the birth of the prison. The AmericanHistorical Review, V.116, N° 4, 1040–1063.
Goodman, P., Page, J.y Phelps, M. (2017). Breaking the Pendulum: The Long Struggle over Criminal Justice. Nueva York: OUP.
Goodman, P. (2014). Race in California’s prison fire camps for men: Prison politics,space, and the racialization of everyday life. American Journal of Sociology, V.120, N° 2, 352–394.
Gottschalk, M. (2006). The Prison and the Gallows: The Politics of Mass Incarceration inAmerica. Nueva York: Cambridge University Press.
Gottschalk, M. (2014). Democracy and the carceral state in America. The Annals of theAmerican Academy of Politicians and Social Sciences, 651, 288–295.
Gottschalk, M.Caught (2014). The Prison State and the Lockdown of America. Princeton: Princeton, University Press.
Greenberg, D. y West, V. (2008). Siting the death penalty internationally. Law & SocialInquiry, V.33, N° 2, 295–343.
Haney, L. (2004). Gender, welfare, and states of punishment. Social Politics, V.11, N° 3, 333–362.
Haney, L. (2010). Offending Women: Power, Punishment and the Regulation of Desire. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Hay, D. (1975). Property, authority, and the criminal law. En Hay, D., et al. (Eds.) Albion’s Fatal Tree: Crime and Society in Eighteenth Century England. Londres: Allen Lane.
Hinton, E. (2016). From the War on Poverty to the War on Crime. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Hirschfield, P. (2008). Preparing for prison: The criminalization of school discipline inthe USA. Theoretical Criminology, V. 12, N° 1, 79–101.
Ignatieff, M. (1978). A just measure of pain: The penitentiary in the industrial revolution. Nueva York: Pantheon Nooks.
Kilcummins, S., O’Donnell, I., et al. (2005). Crime, Punishment and the Search for Orderin Ireland. Dublin: Institute of Public Administration.
Kohler-Hausmann, I. (2015). Misdemeanor justice: Control without conviction. American Journal of Sociology, V.119, N° 2, 351–394.
Kohler-Hausmann, J. (2017). Getting Tough: Welfare and Imprisonment in 1970sAmerica. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
Kupchik, A. (2010). Homeroom Security: School Discipline in an Age of Fear. Nueva York: NYU Press.
Lacey, N. y Soskice, D. (2015). Crime, punishment and segregation in theUnited States: the paradox of local democracy. Punishment & Society, V.17, N° 4, 454–481.
Lacey, N.y Soskice, D. (2017). American exceptionalism in crime, punishment anddisadvantage. En Reitz, K. (Ed.) American Exceptionalism in Crime and Punishment. Nueva York: OUP.
Lappi Seppala, T. (2008). Trust, welfare and political culture: Explaining differences innational penal policies. Crime and Justice,V.37, 313–387.
Lappi Seppala, T. (2017). American penal exceptionalism in comparative perspective. En Reitz, K. (Ed.) American Exceptionalism in Crime and Punishment. NuevaYork: OUP.
Laqueur, T. (1989). Crowds, carnival and the state in English executions, 1604-1868. En Baier L. (Ed.) The First Modern Society: Essays for Lawrence Stone. Londres: Cambridge University Press.
Loader, I. (2010). For penal moderation: Notes towards a public philosophy of punishment. Theoeretical Criminology, V. 14, N° 3, 349–367.
Loader, I. y Sparks, R. For an historical sociology of crime policy. En Matravers, M. (Ed.) Managing Modernity: Politics and the Culture of Control. Londres: Routledge.
Lynch, M. (2009). Sunbelt Justice: Arizona and the Transformation of AmericanPunishment. Palo Alto: Stanford University Press.
Lynch, M. (2016). Hard Bargains: The Coercive Power of Drug Laws in Federal Court. Nueva York: Russell Sage Foundation.
Manza, J. y Uggen, C. (2006). Locked Out: Felon Disenfranchisement and AmericanDemocracy. Nueva York: Oxford University Press.
McAra, L. (2008). Crime, criminology and criminal justice in Scotland. European Journalof Criminology, V.5, N° 4, 481–504.
McGowan, R. (1987). The body and punishment in eighteenth century England. Journalof Modern History, V.59, N° 4, 651–679.
McLennan, R. (2008). The Crisis of Imprisonment. Nueva York: Cambridge University Press.
Melossi, D. (2015). Crime, Punishment and Migration. Londres: SAGE.
Melossi, D. (2011). The boundaries and contours of public punishments (Editorial). Punishment & Society,V.14, N° 4, 379–382.
Melossi, D.y Pavarini, M. (1981). The Prison and the Factory. Londres: MacMillan.
Merton, R. (1985). Three fragments from a sociologist’s notebook: Establishing thephenomenon, specified ignorance, and strategic research materials. Annual Reviewof Sociology. V.13, 1–28.
Merton, R. (1996a). A Paradigm of Functional Analysis. On Social Structure andScience. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Merton, R. (1996b). On Theories of the Middle Range. On Social Structure and Science. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Miller, L. (2016). The Myth of Mob Rule: Violent Crime and Democratic Politics. Nueva York: OUP.
Murakawa, N. (2014). The First Civil Right: How Liberals Built Prison America. Nueva York: OUP.
Nelken, D. (2010). Comparative Criminal Justice: Making Sense of Difference. Londres: SAGE.
Page, J. (2011). The Toughest Beat: Politics, Punishment and the Prison Officers Union in California. Nueva York: OUP.
Page, J. (2011). Punishment and the Penal Field. En Simon, J. y Sparks, R. (Eds.) The SAGE Handbook of Punishment and Society. Londres: SAGE.
Perkinson, R. (2010). Texas Tough: The Rise of America’s Prison Empire. Nueva York: Picador.
Pfaff, J. (2017). Locked in: The True Causes of Mass Incarceration – and How to AchieveReal Reform. Nueva York: Basic Books.
Pifferi, M. (2016). Reinventing Punishment: A Comparative History of Criminology andPenology. Oxford: OUP.
Pratt, J. (2008). Scandinavian exceptionalism in an era of penal excess. British Journal of Criminology, V. 48, N° 2-3, 119–137; 275–292.
Pratt, J. y Eriksson, A. (2013). Contrasts in Punishment: An Explanation of AnglophoneExcess and Nordic Exceptionalism. Londres: Routledge.
Raphael, S. y Stoll, M. (2013). Why Are so Many Americans in Prison? Nueva York: Russell Sage.
Reitz, K. (2013). Comparing Sentencing Guidelines: Do US Systems Have AnythingWorthwhile To Offer England and Wales? En Ashworth, A. y Roberts, JV. (Eds.) Sentencing Guidelines: Exploring the English Model. Oxford: OUP.
Reitz, K. (Ed.) (2017). American Exceptionalism in Crime and Punishment. Nueva York: OUP.
Rothman, D. (1971). The Discovery of the Asylum: Social Order and Disorder in the NewRepublic. Boston: Little Brown.
Rusche, G. y Kirchheimer, O. (1968). Punishment and social structure, Nueva York: Columbia University Press.
Sarat, A. y Silbey, S. (1988). The pull of the policy audience. Law and Policy, V. 10, 97–166.
Savelsberg, J. (1994). Knowledge, domination and criminal punishment. AmericanJournal of Sociology, V. 99, N° 4, 911–943.
Savelsberg, J. (2004). Criminological knowledge: Period and cohort effects in scholarship. Criminology, V. 42, N° 4, 1009–1042.
Scharff-Smith, P.y Ugelvik, T. (2017). Scandinavian Penal History, Culture and PrisonPractice. Londres: Palgrave.
Schoenfeld, H. (2014). The Delayed Emergence of Penal Modernism in Florida. Punishment & Society, V. 16, N° 3, 258–284.
Scull, A. (1977). Decarceration: Community Treatment and the Deviant. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
Simon, J. (2014). Mass Incarceration on Trial: A Remarkable Court Decision and the Future of Prisons in America. Nueva York: New Press.
Simon, J. y Sparks, R. (2012). Introduction. En Simon, J.y Sparks, R. (Eds.) The SAGEHandbook of Punishment and Society. Londes: SAGE.
Smith, P. (2008). Punishment and Culture. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Spencer, D. (2009). Sex offender as homo sacer. Punishment & Society, V.11, N° 2, 219–240.
Spierenberg, P. (1984). The Spectacle of Suffering: Executions and the Evolution of Repression. Londres: Cambridge University Press.
Spierenburg, P. (1991). The Prison Experience: Disciplinary Institutions and Their Inmatesin Early Modern Europe. New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press.
Stuntz, W. (2011). The Collapse of American Criminal Justice. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Sutton, J. (2004). The political economy of imprisonment in affluent western democracies, 1960-1990. American Sociological Review, V.69, 170–189.
Thompson, EP (1975). Whigs and Hunters: The Origins of the Black Act. Londres: Allen Lane.
Thompson, HA. (2010). Why mass incarceration matters: Rethinking crisis, decline andtransformation in postwar American history. The Journal of American History, V.97, N°3, 703–734.
Thompson, H. y Murch, D. (Eds.). (2015). Historians of the carceral state. Journal ofAmerican History,V.102, N° 1.
Tonry, M. (2009). Explanations of American punishment policies: A national history. Punishment & Society, V.11, 377–394.
Tonry, M. (2016): Sentencing Fragments. Nueva York: OUP.
Travis, T., Western, B.y Redburn, S. (Eds.) (2014). The Growth of Incarceration in theUnited States: Exploring Causes and Consequences. Washington, DC: National Academy Report.
Van Zyl Smit, D.ySnacken, S. (2009). Principles of European Prison Law and Policy:Penology and Human Rights. Oxford: OUP.
Wacquant, L. (2009). Punishing the Poor: The Neoliberal Governance of Social Insecurity. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
Wakefield, S. (2010). Incarceration and stratification. Annual Review of Sociology, V. 36, 387–406.
Western, B. (2006). Punishment and Inequality in America. Nueva York: Russell Sage.
Western, B. (2016). Response to Didier Fassin. Tanner lectures audiotape, UC Berkeley, 2016. Recuperado de http://tannerlectures.berkeley.edu/2015-2016-lecture-fassin/ (visitado el 5 de octubre de 2017).
Western, B. y Beckett, K. (1999). How unregulated is the US labor market? The penalsystem as a labor market institution. American Journal of Sociology, V.104, N° 4,1030–1060.
Whitman, JQ. (2003). Harsh Justice: The Growing Divergence between America and Europe. Nueva York: OUP.
Zimring, F. (2001). Imprisonment Rates and the New Politics of Punishment. Punishment & Society, V.3, N° 1, 161–166.
Zimring, F., Hawkins, G.,y Kamin, S. (2001). Punishment and Democracy. Nueva York: OUP.
